254
THE CHINA CRITIC
March 13, 1930
March 13, 1930
THE CHINA CRITIC
255
CHIEF EVENTS March 2-8
GOVERNMENT
Dark War Clouds Passing The dark war clouds in the North, which have caused nation-wide concern and anxiety, are now passing away, and a feeling of ease is perceptible among the general public as a result of the announcement that Gen. Yen Hsi-shan is determined to go abroad together with Marshal Feng Yu-hsiang.
In his telegram of March 5, he de- clares that he has always stood for peace and unification and that his recent
the suggestions to
Government were made with a view to preventing fur- ther internal strife. "Since, however, my proposals have not even been con- sidered," Yen declared, "I shall certain- ly not be the cause for any civil strife.
am, therefore, immediately going abroad with Huankung (Feng Yu- hsiang) in order to carry out my original intentions",
It is understood that Gen. Yen will leave for Japan, probably alone, as Feng Yu-hsiang has not yet made any pre- paration for leaving. Mr. Chao Tai-wen, in his wire to the Government, is com- ing to the capital to make final arrange- ment with the Government for Yen's departure.
The Shansi troops in Chengchow, Ho- nan, under Gen. Sun Tso, evacuated on March 4 and the garrison duties of that city is now being performed by Gen. Shih Yiu-shan according to the Govern- ment order. Tsaochow, which was also occupied by the Shansi troops in Western Shantung, has been deserted, and these Shansi troops have returned to their original post at Taming. The advanced forces of Gen. Fu Tso-yi, which occupied Tehchow, an important city in northern Shantung, are preparing to leave for Shansi shortly, on account of the sudden change of political de- velopment.
The reasons for Yen's sudden change of policy to fight the Government seem to be due to the fact that Gen. Chen Tiao-yuan, Governor of Shantung, and Gen. Ho Chien, Governor of Hunan, have remained loyal to the Central Govern- ment. With Marshal Chang Hsueh-liang neutral and Gen. Shih Yiu-shan and Gen. Han Fu-chu again gone over to the Central Government, Gen. Yen Hsi-shan has been left without sufficient allies to oppose Gen. Chiang Kai-shek.
Apparently Gen. Yen hoped that a chorus of disapprobation of Gen. Chiang Kai-shek would arise following Yen's denunciation of the Generalissimo, think- ing that this would be sufficient to in-
to
duce Gen. Chiang resign without fighting; but as the Generalissimo is determined to remain in office, the Shansi general will not fight in an attempt to compel him to go,
Well-informed circles state that A Lotal of ten million dollars ($10,000,000) have so far been spent by General Yen Hsi-shan for military preparations
against the Government. But the re- fusal of the Kuominelun and other military units in Honan to act accord- ing to his instructions have brought about the collapse of his scheme.
3RD PLENARY SESSION OF C. E. C. ENDED
The third Plenary Session of the C.E.C. came to a conclusion after a five- day discussion. In a manifesto issued to the nation, it stresses the need of District Autonomy, Economic Recon- struction and the spread of Education based upon the Three People's Prin- ciples.
In the 2nd general meeting, nine re- solutions were passed, two dealing with party affairs; two on the Reconstruc- tion Program of the National Govern- ment; three on the civil administration of the Government with special reference to the question of the selection of Dis- trict Magistrates, Bandit-Suppression
and the Program of Economy of the Government; one concerning the appoint- ment of additional members of the
various committees of the C. E. C., and the last concerning the Shansi Provin- cial Currency Rehabilitation Loan of twenty-four million dollars ($24,000,-
000). The order for the latter loan was cancelled.
The employment of the disbanded soldiers and officers was also discussed. It was proposed that the soldiers be absorbed in the various reclamation, colonization and reconstruction works. However for the employment officers, the following scheme is recommended:
(1) To establish a Police Training Institute for the training of those dis- banded officers who aspire to be police officers and who, upon completion of their training, can be dispatched to various districts throughout the country to organize and improve the police sys- tem.
(2) To train a number of disbanded officers to serve as military gendarmes whose specific responsibility will be to onforce discipline in the National Army.
(3) To establish in each province a Surveying Institute where suitable dis- banded officers can be assigned to study the surveying of land and public roads. Upon conclusion of their training, they will be assigned to various Reconstruc- tion departments of the Government to assist in carrying out the program of National Reconstruction.
(4) To open a Civil Engineering In- stitute for the training of suitable dis-
сал
banded officers who
be employe upon completion of their special train ing, in the various railroad and public as superinten- highway constructions dents.
disbanded
train suitable (5) To officers as agricultural experts.
(6) To train the disbanded officers for special service in connection with land reclamation along the border districts of the country.
CHINA'S FINANCIAL STATEMENT
Mr. T. V. Soong, Minister of Finance, presented an annual report on the finan- ces of the National Government to- gether with a financial statement to the Third Plenary Session of the Central
The Executive Committee.
total re- ceipts were $434,440,712, of which by far the greatest contribution came from Customs duties. However, half of this amount went to military establishment, the exact figure being $209,536,969. The present situation is much improved than that prevailing during 1928, when only Kiangsu and Chekiang were bearing the heavy financial burden. Now the Cus- toms revenue is centralized, with only about ten provinces still controlling their financial revenues.
KWEILIN CAPTURED
Kweilin, an important city in northern Kwangsi, was captured by the Hunan Government troops. As a result of this defeat on the part of the Kwangsi re- bels headed by Pei Tsung-hsi, a general retreat was ordered.
No longer able effectively to resist the onslaught of the Government forces, the rebellious "Ironsides" leader, Chang Fa-kuei, sent two personal representa- tives on March 2 to implore General Chen Chi Tang to stop the advance of the Government forces, General Chen has telegraphed to Nanking for instruc- tion in regard to the matter.
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS LEAGUE'S OPIUM COMMISSION The League of Nations Commission of Inquiry into Opium Smoking in the Far East arrived in Shanghai on Thurs- day, March 6, in the str. Chosa Maru from Formosa. The Commission is com- posed of M. Max Leo Gerard, Dr. Ian Haviase, and Mr. Bertil A. Renborg.
The commission is merely passing through Shanghai on its way to Dairen, as it has not been invited by China to come on account of League's refusal to include the investigation of Morphia, Morphine and other drugs in its in- vestigation.
of
THE LEAGUE'S HEALTH COMMISSION
The Health Committee of the League Nations examined the proposals made by the Chinese Government, which asks for the help of the League in the way of technical advice in regard to
rtain sanitary works that are com- prised in the reconstruction and modernization of China, especially, the reorganization of the quarantine service by the Ministry of Health.
Among the other measures proposed are the immediate establishment of a national hospital in Chekiang, which will serve as a model to the other pro- vinces of China; and the reorganization of medical training.
The Chinese Government also asks for the collaboration of the Epidemiological Office at Singapore with the Ministry of Health for fighting small-pox and chotera.
The Chinese Government has already entered into obligations involving a sum of M.$200,000 in respect of fulfilment of its plan which, it is estimated, will cost M.$1,000,000. Miyajima considered the most important question, from an in- ternational point of view, was the or- ganization of quarantine service in China.
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AMERICAN MINISTER VISITING Mr. Nelson T. Johnson, American Min- ister to China, visited Nanking and was entertained by Dr. C. T. Wang, Minister Sun Fo and other officials. While in Shanghai, he received a most hearty welcome from the American community.
AIR CONTRACT REVISION The contract signed between the Chinese Government and the China Air- ways Inc., an American company, which has been seriously protested against by the Chinese, is now being revised at Nanking.
MIXED COURT IN FRENCH CONCESSION
The Judicial Yuan and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs received on March 2 identic telegrams from the Shanghai Bar Association suggesting reorganiza- tion of the Mixed Court in the French Concession at Shanghai along the same lines as that of the Shanghai Provisional Court. It is pointed out that although several minor changes in the adminis- tration of the Mixed Court of the French Concession have been voluntarily introduced by the French Consular Authorities, the Court remains to all intents and purposes under the control of the French Concession Authorities and is altogether inconsistant with the Chinese judicial system. Responsible Judicial authorities are formulating de- tailed procedure governing the rendition and reorganization of the Court which will be the basis of discussion during the negotiations,
SINO-GREEK TREATY RATIFIED According to a cable to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs from Minister Kao Lu at Paris, the new Sino-Greek Treaty has been duly ratified by the Greek Parliament,
ROYAL VISITOR At the request of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Ministry of the Navy has dispatched the gunboat "Hai- yung" to Shanghai to welcome the Danish Crown Prince. Preparations are now under the auspices of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs to extend an ap propriate welcome to Prince Frederick on his arrival at the Capital.
en
JAPANESE SOLDIERS IN KIRIN Under the pretext of suppressing the independence movement of Korea, a de- tachment of Japanese troops, numbering over one thousand men, recently arrived at Chungchun route to Lungchin, near the Kirin-Korea border.
Strong resentment is expressed by the public at the illegal arrest of Kor- eans by Japanese soldiers in Kirin without the concurrence of the local Chinese Authorities. Two Koreans are reported to have been executed by the Japanese military authorities in Lung- chin for alleged complicity in the In- dependence movement.
PERMIT NECESSARY FOR ARMS IMPORTATION
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs, in identic communications dispatched to the foreign Legations, declares that hereafter all shipments of
arms and munitions from abroad will not be per- mitted into the
country without the necessary permit issued by the National Government. Any foreign national con- travening the order of the Government will be severely dealt with, This action is taken in consequence of the receipt of reports that certain foreign nationals have been secretly importing arms and other implements of war for, the counter Revolutionary elements.
CHINESE CREW ON FOREIGN VESSELS
According to a cable from Geneva, the Governing Body of the International Labour Office is notifying member-states of the Chinese proposal adopted at the 13th International Labour Conference providing that Chinese crew on foreign vessels shall be amenable to Chinese jurisdiction when within Chinese ter- ritorial waters.
TRADE & CONSTRUCTION CENTRAL BANK OF CHINA'S 46TH EXAMINATION OF RESERVES In accordance with Article 15 of the Charter of the Central Bank of China, the Supervisory Committee is invested with the duty to examine the Reserves held against Note-Issue. The Committed has on the 28th day of February, 1930 held its forty-sixth examination at the Issue Department of the Bank, the result is as follows:
Total amount of notes in circulation: Dollar Notes
Subsidiary Coin Notes 12.
.$12.484.888.00
1,365,500,00
$13,850,888.01
Reserves against notes in circulation: Cash Reserve
$9,007,883.24 (of the above sum $5,284,574.82 is
kept
in Shanghai
the Office, balance $1,162,085.14 is kept in Branches and Sub-branches $2,610, 778.24 is kept in Local Banka). Securities Reserve
4,843,004.80
$18,850.388.00
According to Article 2 of the Bank's rezulation governing note issue, the Bank is required to keep Cash Reserve @ 60% and Securities Reserve @ 40% of the total issue. Finding the Cash Reserve to exceed 60% and the Securities Re- serve not over 40%, we hereby certify that the reserves against notes in cir- culation is in order.
Signed by Messrs. Li Ming, Chairmen of the Committee; C. L. Wang, Tsuyee Pei, Z. C. Zing, Yu Ya-ching, K. H. Lin and C. M. Shu, Supervisors.
OPIUM SUPPRESSION MEASURES
For the effective prevention of opium smuggling into China, all vehicles, vessels and aeroplanes entering or pass- limits of ing through the territorial China, whether on land, upon water or in the air shall be subject to search by the responsible local opium-suppression authorities and the bureaux of public safety. This decision was reached at a joint meeting on March 6 of the various Ministries concerned and the Central It was Opium-Suppression Committee. also decided to make it incumbent upon all communication organs, civic organiza- tions and the revenue bureaux through- out the country to render all necessary assistance in the matter of enforcing the search.
A recent communication from the Secretariat of the League of Nations at Geneva received at the Ministry of For- eign Affairs states that the following measures for the prevention of opium smuggling were adopted at the 10th. In- ternational Opium-Conference:
1. Customs Authorities should con- duct a search of all suspicious looking packages.
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